رویکرد میان‌رشتگی آموزش کارآفرینی در نظام آموزش عالی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیإت علمی پژوهشکده مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی وزارت علوم

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف مقالة حاضر، تبیین رویکرد میان‌رشتگی به عنوان رویکردی نوین و مکمل رویکردهای رفتارگرا و ساختارگرا در آموزش کارآفرینی است؛. بنابراین، سؤالات اساسی این است که آیا دامنة آموزش کارآفرینی را می‌توان به سطحی فرا‌رشته‌ای توسعه داد و اینکه چه رشته‌های علمی (میان‌رشته‌ای) در آموزش کارآفرینی دخیل می‌شوند؟ برای پاسخ به سؤالات مذکور از روش فراتحلیل نتایج حاصل از تحقیق‌های پیشین استفاده شده است. در مقالة حاضر سعی شده است تا با مرور منابع عمده و تحلیل نظرات، جمع‌بندی روشن و چارچوبی برای معرفی رویکرد‌ میان‌رشتگی آموزش کارآفرینی ارائه شود. یافته‌ها نشان داد که آموزش کارآفرینی تاکنون بر مبنای دو رویکرد رفتارگرا (آموزش تئوریک) و ساخت‌گرا (آموزش تئوریک و تجربی) بوده است و هر کدام استراتژی‌ و سبک‌های خاصی را پیشنهاد می‌کنند. رویکرد میان‌رشتگی که سعی در توسعة آموزش کارآفرینی به سطحی فرارشته‌ای و میان‌رشته‌ای دارد، مکمل دو رویکرد قبل است و دارای گونه‌شناسی فرارشته‌ای (علم و هنر)، میان‌رشته‌ای (جامعه‌شناسی، روان‌شناسی، مدیریت، اقتصاد و بازاریابی) و درون‌رشته‌ای (دانش و کاربرد) است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Interdisciplinary Approach of Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Khanifar 1
  • Rasool Rasaeefard 2
  • Mehdi Safian Boldagi 3
چکیده [English]

The main goal of this paper is to explain various approaches to entrepreneurship interdisciplinary approach in order to come up with a model for entrepreneurship education. The study question is whether entrepreneurship education domain can be promoted to an interdisciplinary level and what scientific discipline is involved in entrepreneurship education. To answer the study question, the author used quality methodology based on the results of the previous studies. Library study of available sources will bring one to the conclusion that entrepreneurship education consists of two basic approaches: behavioral and interdisciplinary which will give birth to three methods of theoretical, experimental, and interdisciplinary education. The result showed that Interdisciplinary approach can be further divided into supra-disciplinary (science and art), interdisciplinary (sociology, psychology, management, economics and marketing), and intra-disciplinary (knowledge and function) each covering a key aspect of entrepreneurship education. There is a methodology for entrepreneurship education which tries to convey the true concept of entrepreneurship in all three levels to students, and its usefulness has been proven by, at least, two case studies which have been explained in this paper.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • education
  • Entrepreneurship
  • learning
  • interdisciplinary
  • approach
 
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