بررسی تاریخی پذیرش دانشجو در ایران؛ از چه‌کسی تا چگونگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف این مطالعه، بررسی تاریخی پذیرش دانشجو در ایران است.
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش یک پژوهش کیفی است که از روش بررسی تاریخی استفاده کرده است. شیوه گردآوری داده‌ها مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای بوده است به این صورت که مستندات قانونی مربوط به پذیرش دانشجو ( با تأکید بر اسناد شورای عالی انقلاب فرهنگی، مرکز پژوهش‎‌های مجلس، سازمان سنجش‌ آموزش کشور و منابع تاریخی) مورد مطالعه و بررسی قرار گرفته‌اند.
یافته‌ها: این پژوهش به طور کلی چهار دوره را برای پذیرش دانشجو در ایران نشان می‌دهد: 1- دوره سنجش و پذیرش توسط دانشکده‌ها و دانشگاه‌ها (1313 تا 1348)؛ 2- دوره سنجش توسط سازمان سنجش و پذیرش توسط دانشگاه‌ها (1348 تا 1359)؛ 3- دوره سنجش و پذیرش توسط سازمان سنجش (1361 تا 1386)؛ 4- دوره سنجش توسط سازمان سنجش و وزارت آموزش و پرورش و پذیرش توسط سازمان سنجش (1386 تا کنون).  همچنین در طی این دوره‌ها سهمیه‌های بسیاری به برخی داوطلبان اختصاص یافت که می‌توان آن‌ها را در پنج نوع سهمیه‌های جغرافیایی، سهمیه‌های انقلابی و ایثارگری، سهمیه‌های سازمانی(صنفی)، سهمیه‌های فردی(جایزه‌ای) و سهمیه‌های جنسیتی دسته‌بندی نمود.
نتیجه‌گیری:  در پایان پس از بررسی تاریخی پذیرش دانشجو در ایران، نتیجه‌گیری شد که اگرچه در ابتدا بیشتر تحولات در رابطه با چگونگی گزینش دانشجو بود اما رفته رفته با بیشتر شدن بازیگران گزینش دانشجو به خصوص در دوره بعد از انقلاب، اختلافات بیشتر بر سر چه کسی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Historical Study Of Student Admission In Iran; From Who To How

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Ghanbari 1
  • Tayebeh Abbasi 2
1 Phd Candidate in Public Administration, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor in Public Administration, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: The Objective of this study is to examine the history of student admission in Iran.
Methods: This research is a qualitative research that used the historical research method. The method of data collection was library studies in such a way that the legal documents related to student admission (with emphasis on the documents of the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution, the Islamic Parliament Research Center, the National Organization of  Educational testing and historical resources) were studied.
Results: This research generally shows four time periods for student admission in Iran: 1- assessment and admission period by faculties and universities (1313 to 1348); 2- assessment period by the national organization of educational testing and admission by universities (1348 to 1359); 3- assessment and admission period by the national organization of educational testing (1361 to 1386); 4- assessment period by the national organization of educational testing and the Ministry of Education and admission by the national organization of educational testing (1386 to now). Also, during these periods, many quotas were allocated to some volunteers, which can be categorized into five types of geographical quotas, revolutionary and self-sacrificing quotas, organizational (union) quotas, individual (award) quotas, and gender quotas.
Conclusion: In the end, after the historical study of student admission in Iran, it was concluded that although at the beginning, most of the transformations were related to how to select students, gradually, as the actors of student selection increased, especially in the post-revolution period, there were more disputes about who.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: student admission
  • historical study
  • quota
  • who
  • how
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